Efforts Calculation In cocomo model effort estimation models effort estimation models of cocomo tool
Efforts Calculation In cocomo model effort estimation models effort estimation models of cocomo tool
The COCOMO (Constructive Cost Model) is a software cost estimation model that helps in estimating the effort, time, and cost required to develop software based on the project size (in thousands of lines of code โ KLOC).
Contents [hide]
Effort Estimation in COCOMO
Basic Effort Estimation Formula:
Effort (in person-months)=aร(KLOC)b\text{Effort (in person-months)} = a \times (\text{KLOC})^b
Where:
-
KLOC = Thousands of Lines of Code
-
a, b = Constants depending on the project type (Organic, Semi-detached, Embedded)
Types of COCOMO Models:
1. Basic COCOMO Model
Estimates effort and development time based only on the size of the software (KLOC).
Project Categories:
| Type | a | b |
|---|---|---|
| Organic | 2.4 | 1.05 |
| Semi-detached | 3.0 | 1.12 |
| Embedded | 3.6 | 1.20 |
Example: For an Organic project of 32 KLOC:
Effort=2.4ร(32)1.05โ91.6 person-months\text{Effort} = 2.4 \times (32)^{1.05} \approx 91.6 \text{ person-months}
2. Intermediate COCOMO Model
Considers 12 cost drivers (like reliability, complexity, team experience) in addition to size.
Formula:
Effort=aร(KLOC)bรEAF\text{Effort} = a \times (\text{KLOC})^b \times EAF
Where EAF = Effort Adjustment Factor based on cost drivers.
3. Detailed COCOMO (COCOMO II)
Breaks the project into modules and applies different cost drivers to each, used for modern software projects.
Effort Estimation Models of COCOMO Tool
| Model | Key Features |
|---|---|
| Basic COCOMO | Based only on code size (KLOC) |
| Intermediate COCOMO | Adds cost drivers (product, personnel, project, platform) |
| Detailed COCOMO | Phase-wise estimation, tailored for modern tools/processes |
| COCOMO II | Supports reuse, prototyping, software tools, modern lifecycles |
COCOMO Tool Features (in software)
When using a COCOMO estimation tool, such as open-source or commercial software:
-
Input Parameters:
-
KLOC or Function Points
-
Cost Drivers
-
Development Environment settings
-
-
Output:
-
Effort (Person-Months)
-
Schedule (Months)
-
Team size
-
Cost (if rate is provided)
-
-
Use Cases:
-
Planning new projects
-
Evaluating outsourcing costs
-
Comparing tools/technologies
-
Summary Table
| Parameter | Basic Model | Intermediate Model | Detailed Model (COCOMO II) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Code Size |  |
|
|
| Cost Drivers |  |
|
|
| Phase Analysis | |
|
|
| Use in Tooling | Limited | Moderate | Extensive |
Would you like a step-by-step numerical example for a COCOMO calculation using real KLOC and cost drivers?
