What is Gene _ It’s Meaning and Definition A gene is the basic physical and functional unit.
What is Gene _ It’s Meaning and Definition A gene is the basic physical and functional unit.
Here’s a clear and concise explanation of “Gene” — its meaning and definition, useful for school, competitive exams (like NEET/NCERT/UGC NET), or general biology understanding:
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What is a Gene?
Gene (जीन) एक मौलिक भौतिक और कार्यात्मक इकाई है, जो जीवों के लक्षणों को नियंत्रित करती है।
Definition (English):
A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) and carry the instructions to make proteins.
Detailed Explanation:
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Structure |
A segment of DNA located on a chromosome |
 Function |
Carries genetic information from parents to offspring |
 Role |
Guides cells to make specific proteins, which affect traits |
 Location |
Found inside the nucleus of every living cell |
Gene → DNA → Protein → Trait
Gene is a code → for making protein → that results in a trait
(Example: Eye color, blood type, height)
Examples of Genes:
- Hb gene → codes for hemoglobin protein
- Ins gene → codes for insulin hormone
- BRCA1/BRCA2 genes → related to breast cancer risk
Gene Definition in Hindi (परिभाषा):
जीन वह डीएनए का खंड (segment) है, जो किसी विशेष प्रोटीन को बनाने की सूचना (code) देता है और यह किसी जीव के लक्षणों (traits) को निर्धारित करता है।
Quick Facts:
 Feature |
 Value |
|---|---|
| No. of genes in humans | ~20,000–25,000 |
| Discovered by | Gregor Mendel (father of genetics) |
| Studied in | Genetics & Molecular Biology |
Visual Summary (Concept Map):
Chromosome
↓
DNA (double helix)
↓
Gene (segment of DNA)
↓
mRNA (via transcription)
↓
Protein (via translation)
↓
Trait (e.g., eye color, height)
Want more help?
I can provide:
- Diagram of DNA and genes
- Differences between gene and allele
- NCERT-based Q&A for Class 10/12/NEET
- Summary Notes (PDF) for revision
Would you like any of these?
