RAPIDEX ENGLISH SPEAKING COURSE GRAMMAR -17- PRONOUNS – RELATIVE PRONOUNS – PART-12
RAPIDEX ENGLISH SPEAKING COURSE GRAMMAR -17- PRONOUNS – RELATIVE PRONOUNS – PART-12
Contents
- 1 📘 Rapidex English Speaking Course – Grammar-17
- 1.1 📌 Part-12: Pronouns – Relative Pronouns (Relative Pronouns Explained in Hindi)
- 1.2 🔹 Relative Pronouns क्या होते हैं?
- 1.3 ✅ Common Relative Pronouns
- 1.4 🔄 Use Cases: How Relative Pronouns Connect Sentences
- 1.5 🧠 Rules to Remember:
- 1.6 ❗ Note:
- 1.7 📋 Practice Exercise:
- 1.8 🎯 Summary Table:
- 1.9 📥 Want More?
Rapidex English Speaking Course
Grammar – 17: Pronouns
Relative Pronouns (Part-12)
What are Relative Pronouns?
A relative pronoun is a pronoun that introduces a relative clause and connects it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It provides extra information about the noun.
Common Relative Pronouns
Relative Pronoun | Usage | Example |
---|---|---|
Who | Refers to people (as a subject) | The boy who won the race is my friend. |
Whom | Refers to people (as an object) | She is the girl whom I met yesterday. |
Which | Refers to animals or things | This is the book which I borrowed. |
That | Refers to people, animals, or things (used instead of ‘who’ or ‘which’ in defining clauses) | The car that he bought is expensive. |
Whose | Shows possession | The student whose book is missing should report it. |
Types of Relative Clauses
1. Defining Relative Clauses (Essential Information)
- Gives necessary information about the noun.
- Does NOT use commas ( , ).
- Example:
- The man who lives next door is a doctor.
2. Non-Defining Relative Clauses (Extra Information)
- Provides extra details that are not necessary for identifying the noun.
- Uses commas ( , ).
- Example:
- My father, who is a retired officer, loves gardening.
Usage Rules and Examples
Who vs. Whom
- Who is used as a subject (performs the action).
- Example: The teacher who teaches us English is very kind.
- Whom is used as an object (receives the action).
- Example: The person whom I called did not answer.
Which vs. That
- Which is used for extra (non-defining) information.
- Example: My laptop, which is very old, still works fine.
- That is used for essential (defining) information.
- Example: The laptop that I bought yesterday is fast.
Whose (For Possession)
- Example: The boy whose father is a doctor won the prize.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Incorrect: The book who is on the table is mine.
Correct: The book which is on the table is mine.
Incorrect: She is the girl which won the competition.
Correct: She is the girl who won the competition.
Quick Exercise
Fill in the blanks with the correct relative pronoun (who, whom, which, that, whose):
- The boy _______ scored the highest marks is my cousin.
- This is the pen _______ I was looking for.
- The lady _______ I spoke to was very polite.
- He is the writer _______ books are famous worldwide.
- The movie _______ we watched last night was amazing.
(Answers: 1. who, 2. which/that, 3. whom, 4. whose, 5. which/that)
Summary
Relative Pronouns connect a clause to a noun and provide more information.
Who, Whom → for people, Which → for things, That → for people/things, Whose → for possession.
Defining Clauses → No commas, Non-Defining Clauses → Use commas.
Would you like more examples or advanced exercises on Relative Pronouns?
Here is a detailed and easy explanation of:
📘 Rapidex English Speaking Course – Grammar-17
📌 Part-12: Pronouns – Relative Pronouns (Relative Pronouns Explained in Hindi)
🔹 Relative Pronouns क्या होते हैं?
Relative Pronouns ऐसे pronouns होते हैं जो दो वाक्यों को जोड़ते हैं और किसी noun या pronoun के बारे में अधिक जानकारी देते हैं।
✅ Common Relative Pronouns
Pronoun | उपयोग | उदाहरण |
---|---|---|
Who | व्यक्तियों के लिए | The boy who is playing is my brother. |
Whom | व्यक्तियों के लिए (object के रूप में) | The girl whom you met is my cousin. |
Which | वस्तुओं/जानवरों के लिए | The book which I bought is interesting. |
That | व्यक्ति या वस्तु दोनों के लिए (Who/Which का विकल्प) | The car that he drives is new. |
Whose | स्वामित्व (possession) दिखाने के लिए | The man whose car was stolen is a teacher. |
🔄 Use Cases: How Relative Pronouns Connect Sentences
Example:
- This is the girl. She won the prize.
➡️ This is the girl who won the prize. - He is the author. You were talking about him.
➡️ He is the author whom you were talking about. - I bought a laptop. It is very fast.
➡️ I bought a laptop which is very fast.
🧠 Rules to Remember:
- Who – Subject (person)
– The teacher who teaches us is strict. - Whom – Object (person)
– The boy whom I met was polite. - Whose – Possessive (किसका)
– The woman whose son won the medal is happy. - Which – Things, animals
– The dog which barked is mine. - That – Both person and thing (often used in place of who/which)
– The book that you gave me is useful.
❗ Note:
- “That” is commonly used in spoken English, especially in informal contexts.
- Do not use comma (,) with “that” in restrictive clauses.
- ✔️ The house that Jack built is old.
- ❌ The house, that Jack built, is old. (Incorrect)
📋 Practice Exercise:
👉 Fill in the blanks with correct Relative Pronouns:
- The boy ____ is dancing is my cousin.
- This is the book ____ I like most.
- The man ____ car was stolen reported it to the police.
- She is the woman ____ you spoke to.
- The house ____ we visited was 100 years old.
📝 Answers:
- who
- which / that
- whose
- whom
- that / which
🎯 Summary Table:
Relative Pronoun | Refers To | Role in Sentence |
---|---|---|
who | Person | Subject |
whom | Person | Object |
whose | Person/Thing | Possession |
which | Thing/Animal | Subject/Object |
that | Person/Thing | Subject/Object |
📥 Want More?
Would you like:
- 📄 A PDF file of this lesson?
- 🎥 Video explanation in Hindi?
- 📝 Worksheet with more exercises and answers?
Let me know, and I’ll send it right away!