Phases of Distributed System or Architecture of Distributed System-distributed application

Phases of Distributed System or Architecture of Distributed System-distributed application.

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Phases of a Distributed System & Architecture of Distributed Systems

A Distributed System consists of multiple interconnected computers that communicate and coordinate to achieve a common goal. It ensures scalability, fault tolerance, and resource sharing.

1. Phases of a Distributed System

A distributed system follows these key phases:

1.1. Design Phase

• Identifying system requirements (scalability, fault tolerance, performance).
• Choosing an architecture model (Client-Server, Peer-to-Peer, Microservices).
• Selecting communication protocols (RPC, REST, gRPC, Message Queues).

1.2. Development Phase

• Implementation of services and components.
• Writing distributed algorithms for coordination and synchronization.
• Incorporating security features (encryption, authentication).

1.3. Deployment Phase

• Deploying distributed applications across multiple nodes.
• Setting up load balancing and fault tolerance mechanisms.

1.4. Execution and Coordination Phase

• Managing distributed transactions and ensuring consistency.
• Synchronization and message passing (e.g., logical clocks, vector clocks).

1.5. Monitoring and Maintenance Phase

• Fault detection and recovery (failure handling mechanisms).
• Performance monitoring and scaling (horizontal/vertical scaling).

2. Architecture of a Distributed System

The architecture defines how different components interact. There are several models:

2.1. Client-Server Architecture

• Clients send requests; servers process and respond.
• Example: Web applications (browsers communicate with web servers).

2.2. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Architecture

• All nodes are equal, and each can act as a client or server.
• Example: Torrent file sharing, blockchain networks.

2.3. Three-Tier Architecture

• Divides the system into three layers:
  1. Presentation Layer (User Interface)
  2. Application Layer (Business Logic)
  3. Data Layer (Database)
• Example: E-commerce applications.

2.4. Microservices Architecture

• Applications are broken into small, independent services.
• Each service communicates via APIs.
• Example: Netflix, Amazon, modern cloud-based applications.

2.5. Event-Driven Architecture

• Components communicate asynchronously through events.
• Example: IoT applications, real-time stock trading platforms.

3. Distributed Applications

A Distributed Application runs on multiple machines but appears as a single system.

Examples of Distributed Applications:

• Cloud Computing (AWS, Google Cloud, Azure)
• Databases (MongoDB, Cassandra, Hadoop)
• Messaging Systems (Kafka, RabbitMQ, MQTT)
• Blockchain and Cryptocurrency Networks

Would you like details on a specific architecture or an example of a distributed application?

Phases of Distributed System or Architecture of Distributed System-distributed application

Module 1 – Distributed System Architectures & Models