Day 01Part 18- Operating system- Process State Diagram new ready running waiting and termination

Day 01Part 18- Operating system- Process State Diagram new ready running waiting and termination

​In operating systems, a process state diagram illustrates the various stages a process undergoes during its lifecycle. Understanding these states is crucial for grasping how an operating system manages and schedules processes.​

Primary Process States:

1. New: The process is being created.​

2. Ready: The process is prepared to run and is waiting for CPU allocation.​

3. Running: The process is currently executing instructions on the CPU.​

4. Waiting (Blocked): The process cannot proceed until a specific event occurs (e.g., I/O completion).​

5. Terminated: The process has finished execution and is awaiting removal from memory.​

Process State Transitions:

• New → Ready: After creation, the process moves to the ready state, awaiting CPU time.​

• Ready → Running: The scheduler assigns CPU to the process, transitioning it to running.​

• Running → Waiting: If the process requires I/O or an event, it moves to waiting.​

• Waiting → Ready: Once the event is resolved, the process returns to ready.​

• Running → Terminated: Upon completion, the process terminates.​

• Running → Ready: In preemptive multitasking, a process may return to ready if interrupted.​

These states and transitions enable the operating system to manage multiple processes efficiently, ensuring optimal resource utilization and system performance.​

For a visual representation and more details, consider this resource:

Day 01Part 18- Operating system- Process State Diagram new ready running waiting and termination

OPERATING SYSTEM Lecture Notes On

Operating System

Here’s a clear and simple explanation for:

Day 01 – Part 18: Operating System – Process State Diagram

Understanding Process States: Ready, Running, Waiting, Termination

What is a Process?

A process is a program in execution.
The Operating System (OS) manages processes using a Process State Diagram.

Process State Diagram Overview

The 5 Main States of a Process:

1. New

   • Process is being created

   • Memory is allocated

   • Not yet ready to run

2. Ready

   • Process is loaded into main memory

   • Waiting for CPU to be assigned

   • In queue with other ready processes

3. Running

   • CPU is executing this process

   • Only one process runs on a core at a time

4. Waiting / Blocked

   • Process is waiting for some I/O operation or event

   • CPU is not used during this time

5. Terminated / Exit

   • Process has finished execution or been forcibly stopped

   • OS releases all resources

State Diagram (Visual)

Transitions between States:

Key Concepts:

• Context Switch: When OS saves the state of a running process and loads another.

• Scheduler: Decides which process moves from Ready to Running.

• Blocked State: Also called “Waiting” state.

Real-Life Analogy:

Think of it like people waiting in line at a bank:

• Ready: People waiting in queue

• Running: Person at the counter being served

• Waiting: Someone fills a form and waits for manager approval

• Terminated: Service done, person leaves

Let me know if you want this as:

• A PowerPoint slide

• A labeled diagram image

• A Hindi version of the explanation

I’m happy to help further!

Day 01Part 18- Operating system- Process State Diagram new ready running waiting and termination