Day 01Part 10-Gate lecture of Operating system for cse – Operating system Process state in simple way

Day 01Part 10-Gate lecture of Operating system for cse – Operating system Process state in simple way

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Operating System – Process States (GATE CSE) | Day 01 Part 10

What is a Process?

A process is a program in execution. It is an active entity, unlike a program, which is a passive collection of instructions.

 Process States in Operating Systems:

An operating system handles multiple processes by tracking their states. These states help manage and control the execution of processes effectively.

1. New:

• The process is being created.
• It is not yet ready to execute.

2. Ready:

• The process is ready to execute and waiting for CPU time.
• It is in the queue for CPU allocation.

3. Running:

• The process is currently executing on the CPU.
• Only one process can be in this state on a single-core CPU.

4. Blocked/Waiting:

• The process is waiting for an event to occur, like I/O completion.
• It cannot continue until the event happens.

5. Terminated/Exit:

• The process has completed its execution or has been terminated by the OS.
• It is now removed from the system.

Process State Transition Diagram:

New
|
v
Ready <----> Running
| |
v v
Blocked/Waiting Terminated

 Important Transitions Explained:

1. New → Ready: Process created, ready to execute.
2. Ready → Running: Scheduler selects the process for execution.
3. Running → Blocked: Waiting for I/O or resources.
4. Blocked → Ready: I/O completed; ready to resume.
5. Running → Ready: Preempted by the scheduler (due to time slice completion).
6. Running → Terminated: Process completed or terminated.

GATE Exam Key Points:

• Focus on the state transition diagram.
• Understand the difference between Blocked and Ready states.
• Be clear about preemptive vs. non-preemptive scheduling.

Sample GATE Question:

Q. In a multi-programming environment, if a running process is performing an I/O operation, its state is changed to:
(A) Ready
(B) Running
(C) Blocked/Waiting
(D) Terminated

Answer: (C) Blocked/Waiting

 Tip: Practice previous GATE questions on process management for better understanding. If you need more detailed explanations or help with problems, just ask!

Day 01Part 10-Gate lecture of Operating system for cse – Operating system Process state in simple way

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