Class 12th Physics-Electric Charges and Fields-Introduction-Electrostatics Electrodynamics-Part-1.

Class 12th Physics-Electric Charges and Fields-Introduction-Electrostatics  Electrodynamics-Part-1.

Here is a clear and simple explanation of Class 12th Physics – Chapter: Electric Charges and Fields (Part 1: Introduction to Electrostatics and Electrodynamics):

Class 12 Physics – Electric Charges and Fields

Chapter 1: Introduction to Electrostatics & Electrodynamics – Part 1

What is Electrostatics?

Electrostatics is the branch of physics that deals with electric charges at rest.

In simple words: Electrostatics studies how stationary electric charges behave and interact.

What is Electrodynamics?

Electrodynamics deals with electric charges in motion and how they produce magnetic fields and electric currents.

Example: Current flowing through a wire, electric motors, etc.

Electric Charge – Basic Concept

➤ Definition:

Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter that causes it to experience a force in an electric field.

➤ Types of Charges:

1. Positive Charge (+) — e.g., Protons

2. Negative Charge (−) — e.g., Electrons

Like charges repel
Unlike charges attract

Basic Properties of Electric Charge

Elementary charge (e) = 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C

Methods of Charging a Body

1. By Friction – Rubbing two objects (e.g., rubbing a balloon on hair)

2. By Conduction – Direct contact with a charged body

3. By Induction – Without touching, using influence of nearby charge

Coulomb’s Law (Introduction Only)

Coulomb’s law gives the force between two point charges:

F=k⋅q1q2r2F = k \cdot \frac{q_1 q_2}{r^2}F=k⋅r2q1​q2​​

Where:

• $F$ = Electrostatic force

• q1,q2q_1, q_2q1​,q2​ = Magnitude of charges

• $r$ = Distance between charges

• k=14πε0k = \frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}k=4πε0​1​ = Coulomb’s constant

Electrostatic Force vs Gravitational Force

Summary:

“Electrostatics deals with stationary charges and the forces between them. It forms the foundation of understanding electric fields, forces, and charge behavior.”

Next Topics in Part 2:

• Coulomb’s Law (in detail)

• Superposition Principle

• Electric Field and Field Lines

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Class 12th Physics-Electric Charges and Fields-Introduction-Electrostatics Electrodynamics-Part-1.

Chapter 1 Electric Charge; Coulomb’s Law

Revision Notes for Class 12 Physics Chapter 1 – Electric …