Resonance Chemistry Metallurgy
It looks like you need Resonance Chemistry Notes on Metallurgy for exam preparation. Here’s a brief summary of key concepts in Metallurgy for JEE, NEET, and other competitive exams.
Contents [hide]
- 1 METALLURGY - Important Concepts & Processes
- 2 1. What is Metallurgy?
- 3 2. Types of Ores and Their Extraction
- 4 3. Concentration of Ores (Removing Impurities)
- 5 4. Extraction Methods
- 6 5. Refining of Metals
- 7 6. Important Alloys & Their Composition
- 8 GATE/JEE/NEET Tips for Metallurgy
- 9 Chiranjib Kumar Gupta Chemical Metallurgy
- 10 Resonance Chemistry Metallurgy
- 11 SOLUTIONS OF METALLURGY
METALLURGY - Important Concepts & Processes
1. What is Metallurgy?
Metallurgy is the process of extracting metals from their ores and refining them for use. It involves:
Crushing & Grinding (Comminution)
Concentration of Ores (Removing impurities)
Extraction of Metal (Reduction or Electrolysis)
Refining of Metal (Purification)
2. Types of Ores and Their Extraction
| Ore Type | Example | Extraction Process |
|---|---|---|
| Oxide Ore | Fe₂O₃ (Hematite) | Reduction using Carbon (C) or CO |
| Sulphide Ore | ZnS (Zinc Blende) | Roasting (Heating in O₂) |
| Carbonate Ore | CaCO₃ (Limestone) | Calcination (Heating without O₂) |
| Halide Ore | NaCl (Rock Salt) | Electrolysis |
3. Concentration of Ores (Removing Impurities)
Gravity Separation → For heavy ores like Hematite (Fe₂O₃)
Froth Flotation → For sulphide ores like ZnS, PbS, CuFeS₂
Magnetic Separation → For magnetic ores like Fe₃O₄ (Magnetite)
Leaching → For Al₂O₃ (Bauxite) using NaOH
4. Extraction Methods
Roasting → Heating Sulphide ores in Oxygen (ZnS → ZnO + SO₂)
Calcination → Heating Carbonate ores in absence of O₂ (CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂)
Reduction → Using C, CO, or Al to obtain the metal (Fe₂O₃ + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO₂)
Electrolysis → Used for reactive metals like Na, Al, Mg
5. Refining of Metals
Distillation → Used for Zn, Hg
Electrolytic Refining → Used for Cu, Al, Ag, Au
Zone Refining → Used for Si, Ge (Semiconductors)
Van Arkel Method → Used for Ti, Zr
6. Important Alloys & Their Composition
| Alloy | Composition | Uses |
|---|---|---|
| Brass | Cu (70%) + Zn (30%) | Electrical fittings |
| Bronze | Cu (90%) + Sn (10%) | Statues, Medals |
| Stainless Steel | Fe + Cr + Ni | Cutlery, Surgical Tools |
| Duralumin | Al + Cu + Mg + Mn | Aircraft Parts |
GATE/JEE/NEET Tips for Metallurgy
Memorize ores and extraction methods
Understand refining techniques
Practice previous year GATE/JEE questions
Revise formulas for Ellingham diagrams (Thermodynamics in Metallurgy)
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